The figure shown the proper bias arrangement for both npn and pnp transistor for active operation as an amplifier.

To operate the transistor properly, the two pn junction must be correctly biased with external dc voltages. The base region is lightly doped and very thin compared to the heavily doped emitter and the moderately doped collector region The pn junction joining the base region and the emitter region is called the base-emiter junction The pn junction joining the base region and the collector region is call base-collector junction The BJT have 2 types: Two n region separate by a p region – called npn Two p region separated by a n region – called pnp The three region are called emitter (E),base (B) and collector (C) The BJT is constructed with three doped semiconductor regions separated by two pn junctions. Chapter 4 Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs)Ģ Objectives Describe the basic structure of the bipolar junction transistor (BJT) Explain and analyze basic transistor bias and operation Discuss the parameters and characteristics of a transistor and how they apply to transistor circuits

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